Wall construction and fastener therefor



Dec. 25, 1945. w. 5. MILES ET AL WALL CONSTRUCTION AND FASTENER THEREFORFiled Jan. 23, 1942 A ORNEY INVENTOR 1 /204 /7 0/ WAA/AM 6 BY/UPatentecl Dec. 25, 1945 WALL CONSTRUCTION AND FASTENER. THEREFQRWilliam'S. Miles, HastingsoniHudsomzand Paul A..Vigt, Bellerose Manor,N.- Y.-, ,assign'ors .to Johns-Manville Corporation,--New York, ,N. Y.,a corporation of New York- Application January 23, 1942; S'erialN6:-427,'874

8- Claims.

The instant invention relates to building co-nstructions, and moreparticularly to improved wall or partition structures and to'means forsecuring shingles, siding, or the like thereon. It will be understoodthat the terms "wall and partition are used herein in a-generic sense todenote both side walls and walls such as roofs, ceilings, and the like.

An object of theinstant invention is the provision of an improved wallconstruction employing fastening elements allowing the use of sheathingwhich has relatively little ability to hold ordinary nails or otherconventional fastening means,the invention being particularlyapplicable'where-the sheathing is fibre board, plaster board, or thelike. Heretofore, it has been proposed to use sheathing of this type andto secure shingles or siding elements thereover by means which pasthrough the sheathing and are locked on the inner side of thewall. Aswill be readily understood, in many instances this procedure isobjectionable as it necessarily requires the exterior wall to becompleted before the interior plaster and lath or other finish may beapplied. Also, it has the disadvantage ofrequiririg a multiplicity ofoperations.- Accordingly, another object of the instant inven-- tion; isthe'provision of a construction'and fas-' tener for use therein in whichall operations are carried on'entirely from the exterior of thewall andwith a minimum number of operations;

A'further object of the invention is the provi-- sion of an improvedfastener particularly for use in-constructions of the type referred toabove and which will secure covering units or the like under" yieldingtension and will be locked against 'Withdrawal.

Our invention will be more fully understood and further objects andadvantages thereof will become apparent when reference is made to themore detailed description thereof which is to fol.

low and to the accompanying drawing, inwhich:

Fig. 1 is a face elevational View of a portion of a wall constructed inaccordance with the in vention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional View on an enlarged scale.

an enlarged scale; illustrating the fastener final position; and

Fig: '7 is afragmentary;perspective viewon'an enlarged scale'of afastener applying tool:

Referring now'tothe drawing and particularly to Figs: 1 to 3, there isshown a wall structure; which,-for the'purposes of'illustration,comprises an exterior vertical-{walk However, as-will be understood,theinvention is equally applicable-to roof walls and to-interior wallsof various types.- The wall includes'studs' lil to which is-securedsheathing l2. As previously's'tated'; sheathing 12 may comprise materialsl-lohas fibre board plaster board, or the like, which; though readilyadapted to receive' ordinary shingle securing nails, does not havesumcient nail-holding properties to permanently retain them.

overlying sheathing I2 .are covering elements M which, for thepurposesofillustration, have been depicted as siding shingles. These maybe of any suitable type; forexample, asbestos-cement shingles, andinclude preformed perforations I51 for the reception of fasteners-. Hereagain it will 'be understood: that the invention is in no way limitedtoshingled constructions and:

that any suitable-11 type: of "material may be socured :to :aJsheathingorthe like.. .Iniaccordance with the-invention;fasteners I8 areemployedfor: securing the covering zelementssto :the sheathing; eachcomprising ahelical or.corkscrew .portionf2ll havingra pointedend .21PortionaZB is integrally united to a shank 22, which, in turn,:.is:preferaloly integrally united to a head 2d. The fastener maybe formedof-xany'suitablezmaterial; for example, steel m're, and-is preferably 1plated with' a rustprooffing material, such as zinc,'cadmium,. orthelike: The head ofthe fastener, in-the-pre ferred form, comprises apartially closed ring 25 connected to shank 22- by means of bar 26.

The ringterminates in a preferablypointed end- 28, which is depressedfrom the plane of the ring. Ring: 25 extends toward its free end in thesame direction asshown particularly in Fig. 4.

of rotation as thehelix of portion .26 as illustrated... The-inner.diameterof thering isrpreferaly. at-least as great as the diameterofthe-per forati-ons I6 formed inotheshingles or other V- cring elements.-I 4 and may. besomewhat larger, as 1 indicated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 6.It will be undertion of the instant invention, a tool is employed, asindicated at 30, comprising a shaft 32 and operating handle 34. Shaft 32is of a diameter to fit within ring 25 and preferably also withinperforations IS. The end of the shaft includes a relatively deep slot 36of a size to preferably tightly receive bar 26 of the fastener head. Anabutment is provided, for example by bending the portions of the shaft32 as indicated at 31 to prevent the shaft from extending too far intothe fastener. Due to the depth of the slot, the shaft portion may exerta resilient holding action On the fastener.

To form the assembly, the covering unit is placed in position upon thesheathing and a fastener I 8 is placed on tool 30 with bar 26 in slot36, as shown in Fig. 2. The point 2| of the helical portion is theninserted through a perforation in the shingle and by the simultaneousapplication of rotational movement and forward pressure on tool handle34, the helical portion is screwed into the sheathing through theperforation in a similar manner to that in which an ordinary screw isdriven into a board or the like. Rotation of the fastener is continueduntil the head 24 is drawn firmly against the shingle or other coveringunit, and, in fact, is preferably continued to slightly beyond thispoint to place the head under spring tension and to cause the depressed,pointed end 28 of ring 25 to become embedded to at least some extentinto the surface of the shingle (see Fig. 6).

Owing to the particular configuration of the fastener and the resilienceof the material from which it is formed, it holds the covering unitsfirmly against the sheathing, while at the same time permitting slightmovements of the units as may result from impacts or concussions withoutdestruction or injury, either to the covering unit or fastener. Anytendency toward reverse rotation of the fastener and consequent releaseof its holding action is prevented or opposed by the pointed end 28 ofring 25, which gouges into the surface of the shingle (see Fig. 6) underthe influence of such tendency.

Having. thus described our invention in rather full detail, it will. beunderstood that these details need not be strictly adhered to, but thatvarious changes and modifications will suggest themselves to one skilledin the art, all falling within the scope of the invention as defined bythe'subjoined claims.

What we claim is:

1. A wall structure comprising a sheathing, covering elements overlyingsaid sheathing, fastener-receiving perforations in said elements, andintegral fasteners including shanks extending through said perforations,helical portions integral with said shanks and engaged within saidsheathing, and heads integral with said shanks and bearing against saidcovering elements and including a locking portion engaged in saidcovering elements.

2. A wall structure comprising a sheathing, covering elements overlyingsaid sheathing, fastener-receiving perforations in said elements, andfasteners each including a shank extending through a perforation, ahelical portion integrally connected to said shank and engaged withinsaid sheathing, and a head integrally connected to said shank andincluding a portion substantially surrounding said perforation, saidportion having a free end engaged in the covering element to opposewithdrawing rotation of said fastener.

3. A wall structure comprising a sheathing, covering elements overlyingsaid sheathing, fastener-receiving perforations in said elements, andfasteners each including a shank extending through a perforation, ahelical portion integrally connected to said shank and engaged withinsaid sheathing, and a head integrally connected to said shank andincluding a portion substantially surrounding said perforation, saidlast-named portion having a free end engaged in the covering element tooppose withdrawing rotation of said fastener and means for cooperationwith a fastener-installing tool.

4. A wall structure comprising a sheathing, covering elements overlyingsaid sheathing, fastener-receiving perforations in said elements, andfasteners each including a shank extending through a perforation, ahelical portion integral with said shank and engaged within saidsheathing, and a head integrally connected to said shank and including aring-like portion partially surrounding the perforation and having afree end engaged in the covering element, and an integral bar extendingwithin said ring for cooperation with a fastener-installing tool.

5. A fastener for securing covering elements to a sheathing or the like,comprising a. helical portion for engagement in the sheathing and a headintegral therewith, said head including a partial ring lying in a planeat substantially right angles to the axis of said helical portion, andsaid head including a free end depressed from the plane of the ring,said head being constructed and arranged for the receptionof an applyingtool.

6. A fastener for securing covering elements to a sheathing or the like,comprising a helical portion for engagement in the sheathing and a headintegral therewith, said head including a ringlike portion lying in aplane at substantially right angles to the axis of said helical portion,and said. head including a free end depressed from the plane of saidhead, and an integral bar for cooperation with a fastener-applying tool.

'7. A fastener for securing covering elements to a sheathing or thelike, comprising a helical portion for engagement in the sheathing and ahead integral therewith, said head including a bar extending atsubstantially right angles to the axis of said helical portion and aring-like portion integrally connected to the end of said bar andsubstantially surrounding said bar.

8. A fastener for securing covering elements to a sheathing or the like,comprising a helical portion for engagement in the sheathing and a headintegral therewith, said head including a bar extending at substantiallyright angles to the axis of said helical portion and a ring-like portionintegrally connected to the end of said bar and substantiallysurrounding said bar and terminating in a depressed end portion.

WILLIAM S. MILES. PAUL A. VOIGT.

